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In the early occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic, Indonesian and the world regarded Bali having a unique mechanism. Balinese or Bali residents are assumed excellently immune or difficulty infected from Covid-19. Interestingly, Balinese do not show overwhelmed panic as occurs in other areas although the Covid-19 cases in Bali are not low. There are various reasons why Balinese's actions to protect their health consider beliefs, religion, and culture. This paper is a survey of the Balinese's distinctive perception and behavior to face Covid-19. The information was gained from comments, opinions, and information about typical behavior posted on mass media and social media. The main source of the information was the WhatsApp groups of Banjar community (60 people), Bali academicians (76 people), Hindu organization alumni (113 people), and Bali medical staff (30 people). This study collected the information and conversations during early months of the pandemic in 2020 and 2021 when the Covid-19 cases skyrocketed and the government implemented the Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement (PPKM). This study concludes that the belief in the power of nature makes the sincerity and acceptance more easily appear. Moreover, tradition strengthens the trust. Support in social life also increases cooperative actions to the rules or advices of the Bali government and the custom village assembly to protect society from the pandemic.Copyright © 2021 Muslim OT et al.
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Background: Studies show that wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) for long periods of time can lead to discomfort such as headaches, which could affect the performance of healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of headaches related to PPE in healthcare workers at a COVID-19 referral hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 174 healthcare workers in a COVID-19 referral hospital in Bali. We conducted interviews using a questionnaire that consisted of three main parts: characteristics of the subjects, PPE usage, and PPE-associated headaches. A multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Results: The analysis results showed that the PPE-associated headaches had a prevalence of 63.8% and were gradual in onset, pressure-like in quality (46%), and mild in intensity (80.1%). PPE level III-associated headache was the most common type. The majority of the participants had headaches up to 6 hours after using the protective gear, but improving within 15-30 minutes of removal and/or after pharmacotherapy. A Chi-squared analysis showed a statistically significant association between duration of PPE use, working units, and PPE levels (p<0.05). A logistic regression analysis found a significant relationship between PPE level and headache occurrence (OR=4.826;95%CI: 2.433-9.572;p<0.001). Conclusion: The frequency of PPE-associated headache was high and the PPE level was a risk factor of headache among healthcare workers. Better strategies are needed to reduce the duration of PPE exposure so that the work performance and quality of life of healthcare workers are not significantly affected.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted the tourism industry in Bali, leading to a decline in tourist visits. To address this issue, efforts have been made to restore tourism by building the intention of tourists to revisit the island. This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence tourists' revisit intentions, with a specific focus on the impact of electronic word-of-mouth (E-WOM) and travel experience, and the mediating role of destination image. The study targeted domestic tourists who had visited Bali, and a sample of 250 respondents was selected through purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted through the distribution of questionnaires, and the analysis was performed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique with the SmartPLS tool. The study revealed that E-WOM had no significant influence on the intention to revisit, while travel experience had a positive and significant effect on the intention to revisit. The image of the destination also had a positive and significant impact on tourists' revisit intentions. Additionally, E-WOM and travel experiences positively affected the destination image. The study also found that the destination image partially mediated the influence of E-WOM and tourist experience on the intention to revisit. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the factors that affect tourists' revisit intentions and can be used to develop effective strategies for restoring the tourism industry in Bali. The study highlights the importance of providing high-quality travel experiences and promoting a positive destination image to encourage tourists to revisit Bali. Additionally, the study emphasizes the need to carefully consider the role of E-WOM in promoting tourism and suggests that it may not always have a significant impact on tourists' revisit intentions. Overall, this study contributes to the body of knowledge on tourism marketing and provides practical recommendations for tourism practitioners and policymakers.
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Batur is the first area in Indonesia that is considered worthy of being a geopark by UNESCO. This determination is an acceleration of the progress of the nature and culture-based tourism industry that helps the welfare of the surrounding community with the principle of sustainability. This study aims to examine the role of several parties in enhancing UNESCO global geopark in Batur Bali of Indonesia as well as promoting local economic welfare. The study adopted a qualitative study with case study approach to gain a comprehensive result of the phenomenon. The qualitative content analysis and narrative analysis was used to process various information. This study focuses in UNESCO Global Geopark Batur Bali in Indonesia as the first and most successful in creating a better economic welfare primarily during and post the Covid-19 pandemic. The findings indicate that the Penta helix model can be used to develop Geopark Batur Bali and Indonesia in general in which each party plays their role in this development tourism and local economic development.
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The increase in positive cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia since 2020 has led to various control measures, including prevention. One of them is through cultural approach and local wisdom that differs from one region to another, such as the one applied in Bali Province. The purpose of the study was to explore Bali's experience in dealing with COVID-19 from the perspective of culture and local wisdom. A qualitative approach was used in this study using in-depth interviews with the Bali Provincial Disaster Control Office (Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah, BPBD) and the Bali Provincial Health Office. Results of this study showed that the Bali Province has a strong religious approach, consisting of hupokara, which is the faith in the Creator as disaster is believed to be a tremendous force that has to be managed through a ceremony called niskala, which giving offerings to God for health and safety of the people of Bali Province. The Balinese believe that the COVID-19 virus can be controlled with rituals and offerings. The presence of Pecalang as a traditional security unit looked up to and obeyed by the Balinese people also supports the successful management of COVID-19. The unique approach of Bali Province that is based on the local wisdom through mobilizing Traditional Villages, promoting custom-based cooperation through the formation of a task force at the Traditional Village level, and with good leadership from the Governor of Bali has led to successful COVID-19 control in Bali Province. Bali has learned from the COVID-19 pandemic that togetherness and mutual cooperation among people are needed to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in the province.
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Bali is one of the islands known as a tourist destination with the main purpose of traveling to Bali to enjoy the beauty of nature. Various tourist activities in Bali are well known both nationally and internationally. With so many types of tours available in Bali, travelers, especially first-time visitors, may need a guide on the tourist attractions they want to visit in Bali. However, some tourists, especially backpackers, backpackers are known to explore tourist attractions independently, freely, and with as little budget as possible. Concerning this statement and the decline in tourists to Bali due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, the author decided to use the Haversine formula to develop a geographic information system for smart backpacker travel recommendations. with this problem. This Android application helps tourists travel from registration to tour guides. Implementing the Haversine formula in your app is equivalent to up to 88% of the distance reported by the Google Maps API. These results are used as a recommendation function for the selection of attractions by showing the distance between the previous backpacker's location selection and attractions. © 2022 IEEE.
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Electricity in Bali majorly is supplied by power plants in Java which use fossil-fuelled. With petroleum and coal reserves to run out by 2025, Bali Government has issued Governor Ordinance No. 45/2019 concerning clean energy in encouraging Balinese to use rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV). As backboned tourism industry, Bali has drastically been declining due to COVID-19 causing most hotels and their supporting industries closed, the government then has changed the orientation from urban tourism to rural tourism. This paper proposes rooftop solar PV power plant program in the tourism village representing all 8 regencies and 1 municipality (Sudaji in Buleleng, Catur and others in Bangli, Tenganan in Karangasem, Kerta in Gianyar, Blimbingsari in Jembrana, Paksebali in Klungkung, Bongan in Tabanan, Bongkasa in Badung, and Sanur Kauh in Denpasar). Recent studies show huge potential for solar energy in Bali and the program is aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (Bali SDGs). The study elaborates problems in implementing the program since solar PV is still new and traditions could hinder the people in the tourism village to utilize it. Behaviour approach must be explored to make the program can be successfully done.
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Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever cases increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic phase. Purpose: This study defines, describes, and evaluates the dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence in Bali Province from 2015 to 2020 and in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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How and why does the Group of 20 (G20) work, both alone and together with the United Nations (UN), to advance the effective global governance of climate change, especially in 2021 and beyond? G20 summit performance on climate change has increased since 2008 as measured by the six major dimensions of governance, but not by the results in net emissions reduced. G20 efforts to spur performance at subsequent UN climate summits has varied, from substantial at G20 Pittsburgh for UN Copenhagen in 2009, to limited at G20 Antalya for UN Paris in 2015, and to strong at G20 Rome for UN Glasgow in 2021. G20 efforts have been spurred by the physical climate shock-activated vulnerabilities experienced by G20 members in the lead-up to G20 and UN summits, especially from escalating extreme weather events, but have been constrained by diversionary shocks from finance in 2008–09, terrorism and migration in 2015, and COVID-19 in 2020–21. Also important were the personal commitments of, and domestic political support within, G20 and UN summit hosts, especially regarding the G20 and UN summits uniquely chaired by Group of 7 (G7) members Italy and the United Kingdom in 2021. Yet, the unprecedented combined G20-UN supply of global climate governance in 2021 fell even further behind the proliferating global demand to control climate change. To close the gap, the G20 should invite the heads of the major multilateral environmental organizations to participate in G20 summits, hold more environment ministers’ meetings each year, and mount an annual climate-focused summit at the UN General Assembly. © 2022. International Organisations Research Journal. All Rights Reserved.
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Covid-19 has damaged the world economy, including the economy of farmers. So that farmers survive the waves of Covid-19, many farmers sell cattle. The habit of farmers who sell their feeder livestock when they need large funds, so the price of feeder cattle sold is relatively cheap, because it determines the price is in an intermediary trader (blantik). The purpose of this study is to determine the causes of breeders who sell their feeder cattle and to analyze the marketing channel of feeders. This research is exploratory research through qualitative and quantitative combinations and combinations. This study was conducted on feeder cattle breeders who had sold their feeder cattle in Sembung Village, Mengwi, Badung. The study location was chosen intentionally (purposive sampling). The research instrument or measurement instrument used as an interview guide to help get answers from respondents is a structured and closed questionnaire that is equipped with open questions. The conclusion of this study is the tendency of farmers to sell their feeder cattle because of the need for school fees for children 30%, traditional ceremonial fees (marriage, odalan, dental slaughtering) 13.75%. Home repair costs 12.50%, medical costs 15%and daily consumption costs 28.75%. . Meanwhile: Farmers' motivation to increase cattle is for family savings by 41.25%, the use of agricultural waste is 22.50%, utilizing 23.75% from leisure time and increasing family income by 12.50% by increasing income that leads to welfare family. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Devotion: Journal of Community Service is the property of Green Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
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This research is motivated by the occurrence of inefficiency of the transportation system in the urban area of Sarbagita (Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar, Tabanan) caused by the use of private motorized vehicles. As a limited number of public goods, the efficiency of road space is measured not by the number of vehicles but by the number of people who use the road space. Therefore, the operation of a Mass Public Transportation System (SAUM) which has a large transport capacity optimally is the key to the efficiency of the transportation system in urban areas. This study aims to analyze the variables that affect the optimization of the Mass Public Transport System (SAUM) based on demand and service supply. This research was conducted using quantitative methods. The research location is in the urban area of Sarbagita, an agglomeration area in Bali. The research was conducted in October 2021, during the Covid-19 pandemic. The total population in this study was 14,140 with a sample of 397 passengers on 4 (four) Trans Metro Dewata service routes. Sampling using proportional stratified random sampling. The data used is in the form of a scale of differences in the meaning of attitudes towards an object which is sorted from the number (1) not important;(2) less important;(3) quite important;(4) important;(5) is very important. This research uses multivariate analysis technique with partial least square (PLS) method. The variables used in this research are Service Demand and Service Supply as exogenous variables, Service Certainty and Service Integration variables as intermediate variables and Service Optimization variables as endogenous variables. The results show that the service demand variable has no significant effect on the optimization of SAUM, while the supply, certainty and service integration variables have a positive and significant effect on the optimization of SAUM. The request has no significant effect on the integration of SAUM services. On the other hand, service supply and certainty have a positive and significant impact on the integration of SAUM services. This study also finds that the optimization of SAUM services is most influenced by service integration with a coefficient of 0.403, followed by service offerings with a coefficient of 0.374. Indirectly, the supply and demand variables have a positive and significant effect both on the variable between service integration through service certainty and on the endogenous variable of SAUM optimization through service assurance and service integration variables. The novelty of this research is that the service demand variable which has been used as a direct variable in the provision of transportation services does not have a significant effect on the optimization of SAUM. This research answers the phenomenon of the low loading rate of Trans Metro Dewata services, even though the service is free. This study suggests to the government as an institution providing public services that in an effort to realize the efficiency of the transportation system in urban areas, it is necessary to optimize SAUM services. The SAUM optimization efforts are not only based on demand and service supply but also involve variables between service certainty which include indicators of accessibility, service level and service availability and service integration variables which include indicators of physical integration, network integration and tariff integration. The results of this study are expected to enrich the theoretical repertoire in the field of transportation economics and transportation management science which is currently developing.
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The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on all aspects of human life all over the world, including tourism and its derivatives. Whether its domestic or international, the movement of tourists is jammed. Taro Tourism Village, one of the tourist destinations based on rural nature in Bali, has a strategy to survive during the pandemic, so that it becomes a formidable destination from the pandemic. This study will answer several questions: (1) What is the strategy to survive the Taro Tourism Village during the pandemic;(2) What are the real differences in the condition of the Taro tourist village before the pandemic;(3) What is the level of community income;and (4) How big is the contribution of the Taro tourism village to the local government. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Collecting data using documentation, participatory observation, and random and in-depth interviews. Jurgen Habermas's Discourse Theory becomes a framework for understanding the field and solving field problems. The novelty of this study is the success of the destination strategy in dealing with the pandemic by involving local communities from the process of making regulations to the implementation of technical tourism rules. The results also show that the strategy to develop tourism objects for the future is to maximize synergy with agriculture and collaborate with other tourist villages by utilizing digital platforms.
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Bali tourism is one of the industries that has been severely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. Accommodation facilities such as hotels and inns are experiencing paralysis. Many hotels lay off their employees, but not a few hotels remain open to attract guests from local tourists. In order to overcome this, a policy from the central government issued several policies to help tourism in Bali, not only that the accommodation service provider manager also needs to set a strategy according to current conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the accommodation marketing strategy in Bali Province during the implementation of the New Normal policy. This research uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Data were collected using questionnaires and focus group discussion. The population in this study are foreign and domestic tourists who stay at star hotels in Bali. The sample of this study amounted to 150 respondents who were adjusted to the number of research indicators. The data analysis technique used is inferential analysis using Warp PLS 3.0 software to test the research hypothesis. The results of this study are destination image, hotel service quality has a positive and significant effect on revisit intention, destination image has an effect on hotel service quality. Hotel service quality acts as a partial mediator for the relationship between destination image and revisit intention.
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Belitung island was one of the areas allowed by the central government to reopen the tourist sector of the Covid-19. During Covid-19, the number of living rooms in the Hotel X Belitung was still very low, even though the marketing and health protocols had already been carried out. This research took place in Hotel X as one of 4 stars hotels in Belitung. Data collection techniques are documentation, interviews, and observations. The data analysis technique is using swot analysis. This research was conducted to evaluate the marketing strategy by the Hotel X Belitung in the Covid-19 and the form of marketing strategy innovations that can be done.
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NO2 levels that exceed quality standards will negatively impact the environment and human health. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in the content of NO2 temporally. The method used is descriptive quantitative, with data analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing data extraction using Google Earth Engine (GEE). The remote sensing data used is Sentinel 5p – TROPOMI whose sensors have the ability to detect air pollution. The results of this study indicate the occurrence of different variations during the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Bali Tourism Area, decreasing or increasing NO2 levels. The decrease in NO2 levels in the air is due to reduced human activities outside the home due to the implementation of the Indonesian Government's policies in the form of Large-Scale Restrictions, Work From Home (WFH), and the religious traditions of Hindus in Bali (Nyepi Day on March 25, 2020). NO2 levels increase again after a long holiday in Indonesia on November-December 2020, due to the large number of tourists visiting Bali Province. The arrival of these tourists increases human activities around the tourism area, such as opening hotels, restaurants, and means of land, sea, and air transportation. Tourism areas tend to have high building density and population. Thus, making green open space low. Whereas green open space is very useful in absorbing air pollution, it is recommended to add green open space or revegetation in every hotel building to maintain good air quality. © 2022, Asociatia Geographia Technica. All rights reserved.
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The Covid-19 pandemic has increased the improvement of air quality in various countries in the world, such as China, Italy, New York, India, Spain and Korea. This study aims to compare ambient air quality during the Covid-19 pandemic with new normal and normal periods, assess the effect of meteorological factors on ambient air quality, and map the spatial distribution of ambient air quality during the normal, Covid-19 pandemic and new normal in the ITDC Nusa Dua area. Air concentration parameter data and meteorological factors were collected using the midget impinger and direct reading method in 2019 (normal period), March and May 2020 (Covid-19 pandemic period) and July, September, and November 2020 (new normal period). Furthermore, comparing air quality using the Anova test, assessing the effect of meteorological factors on air quality using a linear regression test, and mapping the distribution of ambient air using the ArcGis 10.8 application. The analysis showed that the air quality during the Covid-19 pandemic and the new normal was significantly different from the normal period. The concentrations of SO2, NO2, NH3, CO, TSP and H2S during the Covid-19 pandemic and normal just decreased while the O3 concentration increased compared to the normal period. The meteorological factor that affects air quality is the wind speed, the higher the wind speed the lower the O3 concentration. Map of the distribution of spatial concentrations of SO2, NO2, NH3, CO, O3 and H2S in the normal, Covid-19 pandemic and new normal, lowest at the coast point of the peninsula and the highest distribution at the ITDC roundabout, bima statue or influence TSP is the highest spatial concentration of normal distribution at the ITDC roundabout and the bima statue, while the Covid-19 pandemic and normal are only at the coast point of the peninsula beach.
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Purpose: This research aims to test employee loyalty in the hotel industry, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study examines the relationship between leader support in building job satisfaction, trust and employee loyalty. Also, this research aims to test and explain the role of satisfaction and trust as mediator variables. Design/methodology/approach: This research used a quantitative design by distributing questionnaires to 206 employees of the 97 hotels in Bali, Indonesia, particularly during pandemic Covid-19. The research data were then analyzed by using WarpPLS software. Findings: The results revealed that leader support did not have a significant effect on loyalty. Satisfaction and trust act as double mediators in leaders' support and loyalty relationships. Research limitations/implications: Employees need leaders' support to remain loyal to their organization in a slowdown situation due to the Covid-19 pandemic and its various challenges. Originality/value: Research on the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on various sectors has been comprehensive. However, the research that invests in employee loyalty in the hospitality industry is still rare. This study analyzes the loyalty of hotel employees, particularly when the tourism sector is experiencing a slowdown. This study also examines the role of trust and satisfaction as mediating relationships between leaders' support and loyalty, which have not been widely analyzed in previous studies.
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The rapid transmission of Covid-19 posed threats and challenges for people all around the world. Based on self-ownership theory, the current study tested the interactive effect of positive religious coping and stoicism in decreasing psychological distress and physical fatigue and increasing intercultural communication among Muslim health workers. This study advances the body of literature regarding coping mechanisms in the form of stoic believes and religion to decrease the stressors during disastrous situations like the COVID-19. Using a longitudinal field survey, data were collected from 243 Muslim health workers performing their duties at various public and private hospitals and medical centers in Bali, Indonesia. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS software. The results revealed that interactive effects of positive religious coping with stoicism helped decrease psychological stress and physical fatigue and increase intercultural communication among Muslim health workers during Covid-19. The study contributed to the body of knowledge regarding the role of religious practices and stoicism in building coping mechanisms among Muslim health workers to sustain themselves in a challenging environment. © 2021, Florida Gulf Coast University. All rights reserved.
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This paper aims to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the tourism sector in Bali Province and wants to analyze the extent of actors' role in the concept of Penta-helix collaboration in handling the impact of COVID-19 on the tourism sector. The significant impact on reducing the number of domestic and foreign visitors' arrivals resulted in a decrease in income/economy from the tourism sector in Bali Province. In these conditions, the Penta-helix collaboration is the right step to restore tourism in Bali Province. This study uses a qualitative exploratory research method to find out in-depth the research variables. The data source in this study used 30 news data from online media, which were analyzed using the Nvivo 12 Plus software to classify and analyze data. The results of the study found that, first, COVID-19 had a destructive impact on the tourism sector in Bali Province, namely, low tourist visits (0.84), lodging occupancy (0.80), and many job layoffs (0.84). Second, there is significant collaboration between Penta-helix actors to respond, maintain, provide innovation and sustainable values for Bali tourism so that the tourism sector can slowly reopen to the public. In the future, the Penta-helix model's collaboration must be further enhanced so that the tourism sector can be more robust from pressure and natural / non-natural disasters. CCS CONCEPTS •Applied computing •Law, social and behavioral sciences •Sociology © 2021 ACM.
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Acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) is the most common infectious disease in humans worldwide. The morbidity and mortality rates are high, especially in developing countries from Southeast Asia and Africa. While ARTI is commonly associated with viruses, there is limited data on the spectrum of viruses causing ARTI in developing countries, including Indonesia. This study was based on utilizing molecular techniques targeting a panel of 11 endemic and emerging respiratory viral pathogens including zoonotic viruses in a cohort of children and adults presenting at Tabanan General Hospital, Bali, with acute respiratory illness, from January to November 2017. In total, 98 out of 200 samples (49.0â%) tested positive for viruses. Our study confirmed 64.3â% viral etiology in children and 12.2â% in adults. Viruses that were detected were Herpesviridae (15.0â%) followed by enteroviruses (12.0â%), influenza A virus (11.5â%), respiratory syncytial virus (8.0â%), Adenoviridae (6.5â%), human metapneumovirus (3.5â%), Paramyxoviridae (2.0â%), bocavirus (1.0â%) and Coronaviridae (0.5â%). The study sheds light on the viral spectrum of ARTI in children and adults in Tabanan, Bali, Indonesia.